In a 2018 CDDEP study, we examined the association between multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacterial infections and in-hospital mortality outcomes among over 4,000 patients hospitalized across India in 2015. Common causes of deadly MDR bacterial infections included Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Staphylococcus aureus.